Route Caching

First, more details concerning interfaces.

If a WAN interface is less than 256K, you may want to add “no ip route-cache” to make more buffers available. When process switching (i.e. using the CPU to make the forwarding decisions), the main memory buffers are used (as opposed to shared memory allocated to an interface, or memory elsewhere in the system).

On fast LAN interfaces in 7000 models with Silicon Switch Processor (SSP), you may wish to add per-protocol commands such as:

What Is Cisco Discovery Protocol?

Cisco Discovery Protocol, also known as CDP, is something Cisco has quietly added to its entire product line. If you haven’t read your release notes carefully, you might not have noticed this feature. It’s quietly there on your links, consuming a very small amount of bandwidth for a pretty good purpose.

The CDP protocol is media and network protocol independent. It works with Cisco bridges and switches. (Review question: what layer must it be operating at?) It provides a mechanism for two neighboring devices to learn about each other, even if they don’t both speak the same network protocol. At the end of this article, we’ll see what that might be useful for.

How to Install Oracle Java 12 on Linux?

Run the following commands on the terminal to install Oracle Java.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linuxuprising/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java12-installer

Additional Information: In Ubuntu 18.04 or later, you can skip the “sudo apt-get update” or command. Because the update process is already done after adding the PPA.

If more than one Java version is installed and you want to set Oracle Java 12 as the default, use the following command.

So if you wanna backup whole system (including passwords for example) use system backup. But if you need a quick look at configuration or part of the configuration you need to use export because system backup gives you the binary file you can’t read simply with a text editor.

This script takes backup and RSC (txt) format to overwrite the desired time intervals. Same time of the 1st of every month backup. So we get 12 backups a year.

iBGP

Scaling the iBGP mesh

• Two methods:

BGP Confederations 

BGP Route Reflectors

BGP Confederations

• Method to subdivide a single AS into multiple, internal sub-AS’s, yet still advertise a single AS to external peers
• Reduces iBGP mesh

BGP Confederation

• AS10
• AS20
• AS30
• AS300

BGP Route Reflectors (RR)

• Another method to reduce iBGP mesh
• iBGP re-advertisement restrictions are relaxed
• Single iBGP peer advertises (reflects) routes to subordinate iBGP peers
• Clients must not peer with RR’s outside of cluster

Route Reflectors

• (RR)
• AS300
• (RR)
• (RR)

Asymmetric Routing Paradigm

• In the Internet, it is impossible to control end-to-end routing and paths traversed
• Packets may not always traverse same downstream path as they do when forwarded upstream

Asymmetric Routing

Achieving stability

• Using loopbacks
• BGP/IGP Interaction
• Peer groups
• Route-flap dampening
• BGP soft reconfiguration

Stable iBGP Peering

• Peer with loop-back addresses
• iBGP session is not dependent on a single interface
• Loop-back interface does not go down

Peering to Loop-Back Address